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How to Buy a House

A complete step-by-step guide to buying your first home in 2026 — from checking your credit score to getting the keys.

10 Steps3-6 Month ProcessUpdated 2026
1

Check Your Credit & Finances

6-12 months before+
  • Pull free credit reports from annualcreditreport.com — you get one per bureau per year.
  • Minimum scores: 580 for FHA, 620 for conventional, no minimum for VA.
  • Pay down credit cards below 30% utilization — lower is better.
  • Avoid opening new accounts or making large purchases on credit.
  • Calculate your DTI — lenders want your total debt-to-income ratio under 43%.
  • Build an emergency fund covering 3-6 months of expenses before you buy.
2
$

Determine Your Budget

6+ months before+
3

Get Pre-Approved

1-3 months before shopping+
4
🤝

Find a Real Estate Agent

Before active shopping+
5
🏠

House Hunt & Make Offers

1-6 months+
6
🔍

Get a Home Inspection

Within 7-10 days of accepted offer+
7
🏦

Secure Your Mortgage

After accepted offer+
8
🛡️

Get Homeowners Insurance

Before closing+
9

Final Walkthrough

24-48 hours before closing+
10
🔑

Close on Your Home

Closing day!+

At a Glance

Total Timeline
3-6 Months
From first credit check to keys in hand
Down Payment
3-20%
Of purchase price (0% for VA/USDA)
Closing Costs
2-5%
Of purchase price, varies by state

Total upfront costs: Down payment (3-20%) + closing costs (2-5%) + cash reserves (2-6 months of payments). On a $350,000 home with 10% down, expect to need roughly $52,000-$70,000 in total cash.

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Mortgage Payment CalculatorAffordability CalculatorClosing Costs CalculatorDTI CalculatorFHA Loan CalculatorVA Loan CalculatorRent vs Buy CalculatorPMI Calculator
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